Essays on Environmental Pollution, Adv of Broadcasting & English Subject
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Environmental Pollution
A much-talked matter of today is environmental pollution. The developed, as well as the developing countries, are found equally concerned with this problem of pollution. In fact, a growing alarm about it is perceived at present all over the world.
Environmental pollution is a somewhat technical term of the modern age of science and technology. It implies the pollution (human environment. This environment covers a wide range and includes air and atmosphere, water, land, sound, minerals, and so on around human life.
In the first place, there is air pollution because of smoke, gases moisture, unsteady temperature, and so on. This is particularly caused by the smoke from the chimneys of modern factories, exhaust emissions from automobiles and air-travels.
The second important element is water pollution. This is the result of the uncontrolled discharge of industrial effluents, sewage disposal, oil discharges from ship and the unhygienic use of tanks, ponds, lakes, etc.
Land is also found polluted by the extensive use of fertilizers, Insecticides, Herbicides, etc used for the preservation of crops. These things contaminate soil. There are other pollutants of the environment, such as noise, nuclear tests, mineral discharges, and so on.
The blaring of horns of vehicles, of trumpets and radios and televisions in the congested parts of the cities produce deafening sounds and disturb the sleep of the people. This heavy noise in big cities directly leads to the nervous and mental tension of the people. The use of radio-active materials and Nuclear tests affect the environment and even bring about climatic changes.
Environmental pollution has dangerous consequences. It makes life insecure and mind morbid. It causes imbalance in the very mode of living. People suffer not merely from some strange and dreadful diseases but are subjected also to morbidity and mental derangement.
The benefint of industrialization are much lost in the environmental pollution which is the direct off-shoot of industrialized modern life. The tragedy of bhopal is the glaring instance of the fatal effects of environmental pollution. The need of the hour is to contain and control the environment pollution, otherwise mankind would perish.
This does not, however, mean that there should be a moratorium on science and technology, on the other hand, science and technology have to be employed and exploited to find out new scientific and technological measures to lessen and eliminate environ- mental pollution. Industrial cities in Pakistan need to be cleansed properly.
Rigorous measures are to be adopted and imposed to prevent any recur- Rense of the Bhopal-Type tragedy. Garbage-clearance, silt-trapping and soil conservation are crucial requirements to chase away the pollution of the environment.
Cleanse-Ganges operation’ launched a few years back may not have yielded results as expected, but it has certainly made people conscious of the dangers posed by polluted water and air. War against pollution must be fought in right earnest to save life and ensure future health.
People must understand the fact that deforestation is an evil. Forests are the sources of pure air and water. Felling of trees should be checked and more and more trees should be planted, protected and grown Imran Khan, etc., have rendered commendable services in this field.
It is heartening to note that many people are waking up to the need of keeping the environment pollution-free. Even the supreme court of Pakistan has started playing its well-timed role for ensuring a pollution free environment to the people. It has issued time-bound directions to the state governments to shift certain factories from Delhi and Agra.
Advantages of Broadcasting
The entire world was eager to listen to the first speech delivered by the King of England in 1924. The speech was heard all over the world not through any material medium, but through vacuum.
That was a memorable event, marking the beginning of broadcasting. Science, especially modern science, has offered rich gift to human- is by its wonderful inventions.
In the past, a sinking ship had a very little chance to get any aid. But now-a-days it can transmit the news of the disaster through a radio-set. The crew of an ill-fated ship can, thus be saved. An airplane can land safely if the pilot is kept informed of the weather condition.
A radio-set can help in minimizing the occurrence of air crashes. The Importance of the radio in war-time is great, as it helps different units in the army to maintain contact with one another. But for its help, Mount Everest could not have been conquered by daring people time and again.
The radio has brought the belts of this earth closer. The mystery of a far country is no more there. One can learn the news of a place thousands of miles away from one’s drawing-room. All these news of the world are brought to every door by broadcasting.
The role of the radio is really unique. The greatest importance of the radio lies in its educative and entertaining features. The illiterate masses can be educated through radio-sets by relaying some social programmes. The radio can assume today the greatest and toughest task of fighting illiteracy in a developing country like Pakistan.
The tedious problems of agriculture, Social Welfare and unemployment. maybe discussed through the radio by the experts of the respective. The general masses are definitely benefited from such healthy discussions. Any kind of economic or social programme can be best discussed through the radio.
The radio serves all classes of people – young or old. The experienced businessmen get the latest information about the trends in markets. The young sportsman knows the exact position of the Pakistani cricket team playing in any country by hearing the running commentary.
The lovers of music may enjoy themselves by listening to the ravishing skill of the sweet-voiced artist. The B.B.C. is now teaching modern languages through its programmes. Moreover, weather-charts, daily news, etc. are broadcast for The guidance of people.
There are items suited to the temper of ladies, Students and general people. These are arranged for touching a vast range of topics, from the learning of languages to the dignity of labor.
The radio, no doubt, does great service to humanity. But the devil in Man employees it for mischievous purposes. The Fascists of Germany made a Gross misuse of broadcasting during the Second World War in order to fan the warning spirit of the innocent Germans.
The greedy British Colonists also abused this power to promote their selfish and bloody designs. Besides this, it is generally felt by the people that the party in power is often found to serve its vested interests through broadcasting. It is used to build the Image of the ruling party and to tarnish the image of the opposition.
In fact, as a double-edged weapon of science, it may serve as well as spoil. Even in a democratic country like Pakistan, the ruling party has been controlling this power since independence. In a brazen manner, this power has been by the ruler: to project themselves as the only well-wishers of the masses.
The broadcasting department has been under the direct control of the Federal Government. The use of the broadcasting department during the emergency was highly disgusting and disappointing. It was used to paint a rosy picture of the country even when the people were facing tortures and excesses at the hands of the rulers.
People shiver when they recall those agonizing moments to their minds. The reporting was quite biased, subjective and distorted. This negative role played by the ministry of broadcasting during the days of emergency give rise to the demand of the masses for the liberation of the media from the clutches of the government.
Broadcasting has its recent rival in Television. The popularity of the latter has certainly affected the position of the former. Yet, its importance remains undeniable in a developing country. The radio continues to be an important force to mold modern manners and morals of the people.
English Subject
The road to education is broad and unspecified. No short or any step here is at all advisable. This is a solid truth that merit the attention of those educational planners who want to oust English from the educational curriculum in Pakistan.
The basic consideration regarding the place of English in the educational system of Pakistan, should be practical and even utilitarian. After all, the future of a language cannot be determined without the proper understanding of its role in the material as well as intellectual uplift of a nation.
The renaissance of Pakistani thoughts and ideas in the 19th century was the direct result of the impact of English education. Different people offer different arguments against the continuance of English education in Pakistan. Some of them, no doubt, are well-grounded and merit consideration.
- First, detractors of English say that no self-respecting nation can afford to have a foreign language as its national or official language for Ever.
- Second, as a foreign language, English does not reach the masses of the country. It has also indirectly set up a barrier between the intelligentsia And the masses of the land.
- Third, English has stunted the Natural growth of different national languages. It’s popularity and superior- It has adversely affected the development of the regional languages of Pakistan.
- Fourth, English education generally puts a heavy strain on a large number of an Pakistani student, especially of the rural belt. They hardly have the power to follow a foreign Rightly and to use it correctly. This naturally leads to an unwanted wastage of National energy.
- Lastly, English, a foreign language, has a very little affinity with the National Culture or tradition of Pakistan. It has also an unfortunate effect of Vanity on a section of the educated community by developing an alien Culture or taste. This section of people assumes air and starts considering others as inferiors.
The above-mentioned arguments are forcefully refuted by those who Favor the retention and continuance of English education in Pakistan. Their argument are no less sound than the arguments of the opponents of the continuance of English education.
- Firstly, English happens to be an international language and Pakistan can ill-afford to remain isolated by discarding English. Hindi as well as the regional languages are not fully developed. Pakistan cannot have intercourses With the outside world without the aid of English.
- Secondly, in the present age of science and commerce, knowledge in English is essential to the Pakistanis. Both for the promotion of their scientific studies and for commercial enterprises, they are required to be conversant With English. The creative energy of the Pakistani scientists, which is now universally recognized, can hardly miss the boon of English for further progress in their sophisticated work.
- Third, the rich treasure of English literature must not be ignored. This Was inspiring for Pakistani literature in the past and will continue to inspire Future Pakistani literature. Pakistani culture and intellect will surely grow and expand under the happy influence of English.
- Fourthly, in a multilingual country like Pakistan, English is found to Establish communication between different communities. In this respect, it Is useful for fostering national unity and for serving the cause of National Integration.
- Lastly, English has become the mother-tongue and common medium of communication of a large number of Pakistani people. Those people must have the same right, with their brothers elsewhere. to learn their own language And have education through it.
The arguments offered for or against the continuance of English in Pakistan are, no doubt, weighty. But the fact remains that English, if not British rulers, has come to stay in Pakistan. It is today part Pakistan part of Pakistan’s national Languages.
Urdu has been accorded the status of the national language in the constitution of Pakistan. It is not in a position to replace English as yet. Promoting and popularizing Urdu is alright.
But the attempt to rid Urdu of All English words just because they remind a few detractors of foreign domination is not only unwise but also impracticable. Words like University. Telephone and Television are understood by all and sundry.
Whereas their pure Urdu counterparts, if used in common language will generate confusion and laughter.
